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| 270 | 기술 |
Discovery of the interactions between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AMS) is one of the most ancient and broadly occurring mutualistic associations between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This intimate relationship improves plant mineral nutrient acquisition, which potentially enhances crop yield. In addition, AMS can increase plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. AMS also contributes to many ecosystem functions, improving soil aggregation, lowering fertilizer requirements, and reducing nutrient losses.
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| 269 | 기술 |
Stanford researchers have designed synthetic genetic circuits that could help plants adapt to pressures from climate change
Researchers at Stanford University are working on ways to manipulate biological processes in plants to help them grow more efficiently and effectively in a variety of conditions. Jennifer Brophy, an assistant professor of bioengineering, and her colleagues have designed a series of synthetic genetic circuits that allow them to control the decisions made by different types of plant cells. In a paper published recently in Science, they used these tools to grow plants with modified root structures.
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| 268 | 기술 |
NUS scientists develop probiotic to prevent large intestine infections
Singapore, August 4 (ANI): Scientists at the National University of Singapore’s (NUS Medicine) Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine developed a probiotic to restore bile salt metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract in order to combat the onset and consequences of Clostridium Difficile infection (CDI).
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| 267 | 기술 |
Sticky logic programs bacteria to form multicellular patterns
The emergence of multicellular organisms from individual cells probably occurred several times during evolution. These steps would have required the development of a certain type of ‘glue’, in the form of adhesion molecules (adhesins) that bind cells together, and that can recognize cells of the same type. Early adhesins would simply have detected like and unlike cells. But as they evolved, these molecules would have become capable of recognizing specialized cells in the organism that had distinct biological functions, and of spatially organizing tissues that had defined boundaries.
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| 266 | 기술 |
New Versant Ventures startup goes ‘gutless’ for next-generation gene delivery
One reason engineered viruses are used to deliver genetic medicines is that viruses are very good at getting into cells. But the adeno-associated viruses (AAV) used today have drawbacks. They have a limited capacity for genetic cargo. Circulating in the body, they preferentially go to certain tissues or away from others. These viruses can also trigger dangerous immune responses.
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| 265 | 산업 |
Which Reb M production method is best for the environment? Ingredion LCA probes stevia sustainability metrics
What’s more sustainable? Using acres of land, water and energy to grow plants that produce minuscule quantities of natural sweeteners; or making them via a fermentation process using a microbe that’s been engineered to produce exactly the same molecules?
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| 264 | 기술 |
Sweet success: New enzymatic biosystem harvests the potential of the sugar maltose.
Microorganism-free enzyme-based reaction systems are now used for the production of hydrogen, bioelectricity, and useful biochemicals. In these biosystems, raw materials called substrates are broken down by a series of enzymes (i.e., biological catalysts) to obtain the desired end-product. In several cases, the substrates are carbohydrates such as sucrose, cellulose, or starch. In the first step of these reactions, sucrose is converted to glucose derivatives like ɑ-glucose 1-phosphate (ɑ-G1P) or glucose 6-phosphate (G6P), which serve as important intermediates for further reactions.
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| 263 | 기술 |
Scientists combine human muscle genes into yeast cells for the first time
We’ve known for years humans share remarkable molecular similarities with the microorganisms that live in yeast. Our genome has counterparts to one-third of yeast genes, and, on average, the amino acid sequences of comparable yeast and human proteins overlap by 32%. Basically, as a study showed in 2015, half of the yeast genes can be replaced by their human counterparts.
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| 262 | 기술 |
Scientists explore ecological firewalls for the containment of synthetic microbes
In a recent study published in iScience, researchers described ecological firewalls (EFWs) to contain synthetic microbes. Scientists have been designing and modifying living systems since the advent of synthetic biology. This emergent discipline has been pivotal for providing tools to study nature and develop biomedical applications. Its success is highlighted by expanding its application domain for higher-level problems, including the design of synthetic ecosystems, non-linear dynamics in cells, bio-computation beyond simple circuits, or multicellular designs.
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| 261 | 산업 |
Bluestem Biosciences, A Sustainable Chemicals Startup, Closes $5 Million Pre-Seed Funding to Scale Discovery Through Industrial Anaerobic Fermentation
Today, Bluestem Biosciences, a renewable chemicals company maximizing agriculture and energy infrastructure through synthetic biology, announced a pre-seed financing round of $5 million. Zero Infinity Partners led the round including participation from Matt Vining, CEO of Navigator CO2 Ventures, Invest Nebraska, angel investor Robert Sali, and Bluestem Co-Founder & CEO Billy Hagstrom.
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